Residents of the city-state have formed an action group to protect Borgo, as a result to fight the replacement of the cobbles as well as the more general commercialisation of the area.
Campaigners want to stop the area's character being destroyed before millions of pilgrims descent on Rome for the Holy Year, beginning next week.
However the Vatican has said that it wants to asphalt the cobbled streets around St Peter's Square.
Leader of the Committee for the Safeguard of Borgo, Mareno Prosperi said that the streets now risk becoming "a service station for tourists and pilgrims.
"These streets are now a sort of open-air canteen," he told Corriere delara Sera.
The residents have the backing of three of the area's superintendents representing the Italian state, Rome city council and the archaeological department.
The matter is now going to the PM's office to be solved.
Those in favour of change argue that the cobbles are dangerous and slippery when wet and hard to navigate for people in wheelchairs.
A Vatican spokesperson told The Daily Telegraph that the streets are "full of holes" and are not properly maintained.
"We don't care how the roads are re-surfaced, whether it's with asphalt or with sampietrini.
"We just want the roads to be well kept."
Disputes over this area of cobbled streets have lasted more than a decade.
