Hamilton pulled off a tactical masterstroke, as well as benefiting from a disastrous pit-stop gaffe by Daniel Ricciardo's Red Bull team, to finally end his eight-race losing streak.
In one of the most memorable races at the principality in recent years following a deluge of rain, Hamilton took what would be the race-winning gamble to stay out on the extreme wet tyre as all those around him pitted for intermediates.
Speaking after his win Hamilton said: "I actually said in the car, please God, hold off for another couple of laps.
"And it didn't start coming down again until just as I went over the line."
"I can't believe I have 44 wins," said the Briton, who toasted his first victory at Monaco in eight years with Canadian pop star Justin Bieber.
"It is such a special number for me and my family. I am going to enjoy 44 as much as I can because it only happens once.
"I am sitting here speaking to you guys, and everything is quiet, and a bit dull - not particularly exciting - but when I leave here it is going to be super exciting. I am going to be having fun."
Hamilton has spoken previously about his Christian faith and frequently tweets about going to church.
The 31-year-old also says he prays every day.