The coalition of international development organisations said the "devastating" impact of hurricanes, floods and famine globally demonstrates the need for "bold and ambitious" legislation.
They want the new Climate Change Bill's proposed 90 per cent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 to be stepped up to a 77 per cent reduction by 2030 and zero emissions by 2050.
Reacting to the recent wave of natural disasters, in a submission to the government's consultation on the bill, the group said: "From hurricanes Irma and Maria, to the deadly floods in South Asia, to the ongoing famine in east Africa, we've all seen the grim evidence that climate change is causing more extreme weather events and unpredictable seasons.
"Climate change is an issue of justice, with people in developing countries often most affected by climate change having done the least to cause it.
"Our agencies are supporting some of the world's poorest women, men and children who find themselves on the frontline of climate change.
"Yet we know the impact is likely to get significantly worse unless rich countries like Scotland do much more to cut their emissions."
The group said it was encouraged by First Minister Nicola Sturgeon's assertion in her recent programme for government that Scotland was morally obliged to tackle climate change.
They added: "Scotland can be proud of the efforts made to reduce our emissions so far but the truth is we've not done enough."
