Dr Barry Morgan said Cardiff should have the same powers that are given to Scotland.
Speaking on St David's Day he said: "I happen to believe that Wales has had a raw deal from the UK Government as far as devolution is concerned.
"What I would want to argue is that what's good enough for Scotland is good enough for Wales.
"The whole devolution package has got to be looked at anew."
Last week the Prime Minister David Cameron announced more devolution for Wales but it falls well short of the powers being transferred to Edinburgh after Scotland's independence referendum.
The extra powers include guaranteed minimum funding for the Welsh government, powers over fracking and other energy projects.
But Scotland will be given control of a number of new taxes and already has extra responsibilities not devolved to Wales.
Dr Morgan also said it was vital Wales has a strong place in Britain: "We are part of a global community as well as belonging to a particular country and it's important for us to remember that.
"We've seen in the UK as a whole when people become nationalistic it can go into xenophobia."
Speaking about the extra powers for Wales Mr Cameron said: "It means more responsibility for the Welsh Assembly. It means more decisions taken here in Wales and more opportunity for the Welsh people to hold their politicians to account. And it also means those who spend taxpayers' money must also be more responsible for raising it.
"The priority for most people is about the quality of their life, their jobs, the future for their family. So I hope the next great debate is not about which powers should rest where, but instead about how these powers are used for the people of Wales. How both of Wales' governments can do all they can within their powers to make Wales prosper for decades to come.
"This is devolution with a purpose.
"An enduring settlement for Wales which works for Wales today, tomorrow and for generations to come."