According to Christian Solidarity Worldwide (CSW), two men arrived at Berseba Church in Karanji Village in the central Chhattisgarh state last week claiming to be Christians who wanted prayer.
Pastor Deenanath let the men in, who forced him to chant "jai sri ram" (hail Lord Ram) - a reference to one of the incarnations of the Hindu god Vishnu.
They then doused Pastor Deenanath and his wife in petrol and urged them to convert to Hinduism.
The pair also vandalised the church and its contents, damaging Bibles, the PA system and offerings from the public which included fruit and vegetables.
The Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi (below) has previously promised to protect Christians from persecution, however some say he has not done enough to stop it.
Local police have officially documented the incident and are investigating.
It is thought the two men who committed the crime are from a Hindu fundamentalist group from outside Karanji Village.
According to the Evangelical Fellowship of India (EFI), the state of Chhattisgarh was the second-worst for Christian persecution in the whole of India last year.
CSW's Chief Executive Mervyn Thomas said: "CSW condemns this and all other incidences of targeted violence against religious minorities, which have outraged civil society in India.
"CSW joins with the people of India in calling for justice and for the fulfilment of the Prime Minister's promise to put a stop to the harassment of religious minorities in India.
"We are deeply concerned at the trend of increasing attacks on religious minorities in the country, and especially in Chhattisgarh State, which betray India's pluralistic heritage.
"The Indian government must follow through on its promises with concrete actions to stem these attacks."
